Survey Indicators for Environmental Innovation

This report sets out to describe indicators on environmental technological innovation and their usefulness for environment-related STI policy and innovation study. Environmental technological innovations consist of new or modified processes, techniques, systems and products that help to reduce environmental damage. This is a new area for indicator research. In this report we will examine how environmental technological innovation output and processes may be measured by indicators, and how indicator research can assist public policy makers in furthering the development, adoption and use of environmental innovations. The structure is as follows. Section 1 provides a taxonomy of environmental technological innovation. This is followed in section 2 by a discussion of indicators on environmental technological innovation and problems of collecting and interpreting the indicators. This includes a discussion of two studies of environmental innovation: that of Green et al. (1994) for the UK and that of Malaman (1996) for Italy, and is followed by a more general discussion of problems in studying environmental innovation and of analytical challenges for environmental innovation research. Lessons for environmental innovation research are discussed in section 3. The final section develops a design for a pilot study on environmental innovation, in the form of a prototype questionnaire and survey format. iii R. Kemp and A. Arundel ,'($